According to the Asia-Pacific Coconut Association, and the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, coconut trees are grown in 90 tropical countries with a total area of 12.02 million hectares in 2010 and 12,200 million hectares (2016). , of which the coconut area of Asia-Pacific countries is 11 million hectares, accounting for 85%.
Prospects for Vietnam's coconut industry
Instead of increasing production to meet demand, their total coconut production has been slightly reduced. Although annual output has increased by more than 2% per year from 2000 to 2009; but to date, the average yield has decreased by 0.1% annually since 2010 due to low yield, 46 fruits/tree/year and aging trees due to being planted at the end of World War II with old varieties, nature also did not treat coconut farmers well; The supply chain is largely unorganized and the production is scattered on a small scale, which is detrimental to input supply, primary processing and marketing, high logistics costs, affecting both growers and growers. and processors in these three countries.
While global demand has increased by nearly 10% per year, each ton of coconut has increased Area: 12.2 million hectares. In which: 1-Indonesia 3.6 million ha, 2-Philippine 3.5 million ha, 3-India 2.1 million ha, 4-Srilanka 450,000 ha, 5-Newguinea 221,000 ha, 6-Thailand 206 thousand hectares, 7-Kenya 177,000 hectares, 8-VN 159 thousand hectares.
Coconut production in Vietnam:
The coconut area of Vietnam is only 4% of the coconut area of Indonesia and the Philippines, 8% of the coconut area of India, 40% of the coconut area of Sri Lanka. However, Vietnam's average coconut yield reached 9,863 fruits/ha/year, equivalent to 1.9 tons of copra/ha, higher than the average level of countries belonging to the Asia-Pacific Coconut Association (APCC, only). reached 0.9 tons of copra/ha), Philippines, Indonesia (0.85 tons), India (1.1 tons).
Ben Tre is the province with the largest coconut area in the country with an area of over 70,000 hectares, accounting for 40% of the country's coconut area. The output is nearly 600 million fruits. Ben Tre has biodiversity of native coconut varieties with good yield and quality such as Ta coconut, Dua coconut, Siamese coconut, Pineapple coconut. The average yield of selected indigenous high coconut varieties is > 60 fruits/tree/year, oil content is > 65%. Some varieties of coconut drink water such as Siamese coconut, good quality, sweet (brix reached >7%), protein content 2.32 g / 100 ml, fat 6.31 g / 100ml. Therefore, the price of raw coconut fruit in Ben Tre has always been twice as high as that of Indonesia and the Philippines during the past 10 years. However, because the area of each household is too small, the income is not high, farmers have difficulties.
The province has more than 1,970 coconut processing facilities, with many different types and operating scales, capable of processing all the coconut production of the Mekong Delta. Industrial production value in 2017 increased by 3.6%/year compared to 2016. Export value (2016) was over 150 million USD, accounting for 21% of export turnover with high value products such as coconut milk, Pure coconut oil, canned coconut water is produced with modern equipment, has some of the highest technology in Southeast Asia. Some large enterprises have obtained certifications such as ISO 22000: 2005, HACCP, HALAL, KOSSHER, Organic products, so Ben Tre's coconut products have more than enough capacity to participate in large, fastidious markets. but full of potential. Because the coconut area is too small, the export market share is less than 1% of the total export volume in the world.
Demand for coconuts by 2025:
According to the world-class Forecasting Centers, the increase in global demand for coconut products to 2025 is as follows:
Coconut milk increased by 15%, of which HC coconut milk increased by 8.5%. Coconut jelly increased by 5.6%. Coconut flour increased by 6.6%. Coconut ice cream increased by 36%. Coconut water increased by 25%. Virgin coconut oil increased by 21%. Average increase of more than 10%
The high increase is due to changing consumer preferences and accepting the trend of consuming healthy, natural, low-calorie vegan foods with high nutritional value and reduced cardiovascular risk. .
Prospects:
Through the above information, we can see: Total supply is lower than total demand for coconuts; Demand increased by 10%, while supply increased by less than 1% and the gap widened. Vietnam's coconut market share is less than 1%, so if the export volume of coconut products in the future increases, it won't have a big impact on the supply level; Competitors, except the Philippines with potential market advantages and experience in business; The rest of the coconut producing countries, compared to Vietnam, are almost equivalent. With advantages in farming conditions, production, and application level of technical advances, Vietnam has many advantages.
Instead of a conclusion: If you grow coconuts today, 50-60 years later, the consumer market will still be positive. Farmers can rest assured to invest and expand production.
